How I Think About AI

Why "Artificial Intelligence" is a misleading label

Not a rebrand for its own sake. A more honest description of what these systems actually do — and a map of exactly where human judgment has to stay in charge.

The Starting Point

Intelligence was never one thing

Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences argues that human intelligence isn't singular — it's several distinct capacities. Current AI, however sophisticated, realistically engages with only a limited subset of them. It increasingly touches linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence. It does not touch existential intelligence — the capacity to ask why we're here, what happens after death, who we are. That gap is the whole argument.

Linguistic

Language, argument, narrative — AI's strongest current ground.

Logical–Mathematical

Pattern, inference, optimisation — where AI genuinely excels.

Spatial

Structure and composition in physical or visual form.

Musical

Rhythm, tone, and the emotional logic of sound.

Bodily–Kinesthetic

Intelligence expressed through the body and physical discipline.

Interpersonal

Reading people, trust, negotiation, care.

Intrapersonal

Self-knowledge, reflection, motivation.

Existential

Meaning, purpose, mortality — beyond AI's reach.

This is why I use the term Artificial Complementary Intelligence (ACI) instead of "Artificial Intelligence." AI extends specific cognitive capabilities — it does not replicate the full range of what makes us intelligent. See how ACI works as a formal framework on the Research page →

Where the Argument Becomes Concrete

Two artists who prove the point

Abstract claims about "human intelligence" are easy to wave away. These two bodies of work are harder to.

Christopher Nolan

Narrative intelligence, built from a life

Nolan repeatedly breaks the linear beginning–middle–end structure — reversing time in Memento, layering dreams at different speeds in Inception, running three unsynchronised timelines in Dunkirk, bending time itself in Interstellar, and hiding structural clues in The Prestige. None of that comes from computational optimisation. It comes from deep engagement with literature — especially Jorge Luis Borges, whose stories loop time, distrust memory, and layer reality — combined with Nolan's own intuition and lived experience. AI can assist with edits, effects, or technical steps. It cannot supply the spark that fuses personal experience and philosophical inquiry into a coherent, meaningful story.

Ostad Mahmoud Farshchian

Artistic intelligence, rooted in tradition and inner life

Widely regarded as one of the most influential Iranian painters of the modern era and a legendary master of Persian miniature painting, Farshchian's work is never repetitive or formulaic — every piece is an original creation. His inspiration draws on Persian classical poetry (Hafez, Rumi, Saadi), sacred texts across traditions, and — most importantly — his own inner imagination. His compositions show spatial intelligence in their fluid structure, intrapersonal intelligence in their emotional depth, existential intelligence in their engagement with meaning and transcendence, and naturalistic intelligence in their symbolic references to nature. Together, these produce an artistic language no algorithm can reduce to pattern.

The Boundary

Three things AI cannot yet replicate

01

Philosophical intent

The capacity to question reality, identity, meaning, and existence — what is real, who we are, why we matter — remains beyond AI's reach.

02

Lived human experience

Intelligence shaped by childhood, fear, relationships, and emotional memory cannot be generated synthetically or inferred from data alone.

03

Innovation over imitation

AI operates through prediction — combining and remixing existing patterns. Humans invent by breaking rules and redefining meaning altogether.

"AI can be computationally simulated, but it cannot be internally experienced. It does not feel sorrow, compassion, or empathy — these expressions are pattern recognition, not lived experience."
"AI should serve as an assistant, while humans remain the visionaries."
Looking Ahead

My working timeline — 2027 to 2034

Not a forecast I hold with certainty — a working model I use to make sense of where AI-enabled organisations are heading, and what stays a human responsibility at each stage.

By 2027

The baseline gets established

  • Automation of junior-level, screen-based tasks across traditional roles
  • Robust AI risk-management frameworks and stronger regulation
  • Universal AI literacy becomes a baseline professional capability
  • The AI Product Owner role emerges, bridging business, technology, and ethics
By 2028

Governance formalises

  • Mid-level tasks increasingly handled end-to-end by AI, not siloed automation
  • Meta-consultancy roles emerge — AI governance, system integration, algorithmic audit
  • Organisations ask: "who are we beyond efficiency?"
  • The AI Auditor role formalises around bias detection and compliance
2029 – 2030

From managing tasks to managing intent

  • Deeper integration of robotics with cognitive AI; agentic AI manages end-to-end processes
  • Management shifts from tasks to outcomes, intent, and accountability
  • Sustained investment in human excellence — behaviour, purpose, meaning-making, systems thinking
2032 – 2034

Humanity becomes the differentiator

  • Consultancy shifts from operational execution to philosophical guidance — sense-making, ethics, identity
  • A rise in existential questions as traditional work identities erode
  • By 2034, AI is ubiquitous — and wisdom, judgment, ethics, culture, and stewardship are what's left to compete on
Frequently Asked

Nine questions I'm asked most

On AI literacy, hiring, education, and where judgment has to live — answered directly.

Why is baseline AI training important, and how do AI literacy, data literacy, and certification differ?

We wouldn't let someone manage a budget without numeracy, but we routinely let staff use AI without data literacy. Data literacy is about data quality, bias, context, and interpretation. AI literacy is about model behaviour, hallucination risk, and where human judgment must intervene. Certification helps only if treated as part of lifelong learning, not a one-off badge — done properly, it establishes a living cognitive and ethical baseline, protecting organisations from silently outsourcing judgment to systems that cannot understand meaning or consequence.

Can SMEs achieve data maturity?

Yes — often more effectively than large organisations. Data maturity isn't about scale or expensive platforms; it's about intent, discipline, and judgment. SMEs that pursue progress and complexity rather than comfort often mature faster, with clearer accountability and less legacy inertia. AI reduces technical barriers, but maturity comes from embedding insight into everyday decisions — strong data governance matters more than tools.

How does a professional community act as an external brain in a world of commoditised AI?

In fast-moving fields like AI, intelligence can no longer stay individual — it becomes collective. A professional community embeds shared judgment, ethics, and lived experience into standards and practice. As algorithms commoditise, the real risk isn't outsourcing tools — it's outsourcing interpretation, responsibility, and core value creation. Technology executes; humans interpret and assign meaning.

Have entry-level roles disappeared, or have we failed to redesign them?

Entry-level roles haven't disappeared — entry-level tasks have. Careers were built around screen-based execution, and AI is now simply better at that. The real failure is that we haven't redesigned roles at the organisational level. Roles built around judgment, sense-making, and responsibility will grow, even as others vanish.

What should Higher Education stop, continue, and start doing?

Stop treating content delivery and static skills as the primary value — knowledge is abundant and increasingly automated. Continue developing critical thinking, systems thinking, ethics, and deep domain understanding. Start teaching beyond cognitive intelligence: creativity, emotional depth, self-reflection, meaning-making — pairing short-term adaptive courses with long-term education for domains where AI cannot compete.

Why do portfolios and character matter more than CVs now?

Traditional hiring signals are broken — CVs are automated, cover letters generated, keyword matching rewards polish over competence. Portfolios show how someone thinks and decides. But portfolios alone aren't enough: what matters equally is a portfolio of decisions, not just outputs — evidence of judgment under ambiguity. Knowledge is cheap and tools are abundant; judgment without integrity is dangerous, so trust becomes the scarce resource.

What skills will matter most by 2030, and which are overrated today?

Tool-specific knowledge and prompt fluency are already commoditising, just as PC skills once did. The real differentiators will be judgment under uncertainty, systems thinking, ethical reasoning, emotional intelligence, and the ability to create meaning and narrative. AI excels at interpolation — optimising within known patterns — but struggles with extrapolation and rule-breaking. Execution scales with AI; value creation remains human.

How do you build judgment and accountability, not just tool use?

Judgment can't be trained the way tool use is trained. Tools are learned through instruction; judgment emerges through lived responsibility — decisions, consequences, reflection on purpose. AI can be computationally simulated but not internally experienced: it does not feel doubt or moral weight. That is why accountability must always stay with people.

What should professional bodies standardise or credential to make CPD credible?

Credential capability, not attendance. In a world where content is everywhere, trust is the scarce resource. Credible CPD should show evidence of real judgment — how decisions were made, how AI was governed, what was learned — through portfolio-based evidence and reflective practice, not hours logged or tool badges.

Where This Leads

By 2034, AI will be everywhere. Humanity will be the differentiator.

Grounded in wisdom, judgment, ethics, culture, and meaning. AI should assist. Humans must remain the visionaries — that's the premise behind every engagement I take on.